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+//== PseudoConstantAnalysis.cpp - Find Pseudoconstants in the AST-*- C++ -*-==//
+//
+// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file tracks the usage of variables in a Decl body to see if they are
+// never written to, implying that they constant. This is useful in static
+// analysis to see if a developer might have intended a variable to be const.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include "clang/Analysis/Analyses/PseudoConstantAnalysis.h"
+#include "clang/AST/Decl.h"
+#include "clang/AST/Expr.h"
+#include "clang/AST/Stmt.h"
+#include <deque>
+
+using namespace clang;
+
+// The number of ValueDecls we want to keep track of by default (per-function)
+#define VARDECL_SET_SIZE 256
+typedef llvm::SmallPtrSet<const VarDecl*, VARDECL_SET_SIZE> VarDeclSet;
+
+PseudoConstantAnalysis::PseudoConstantAnalysis(const Stmt *DeclBody) :
+ DeclBody(DeclBody), Analyzed(false) {
+ NonConstantsImpl = new VarDeclSet;
+ UsedVarsImpl = new VarDeclSet;
+}
+
+PseudoConstantAnalysis::~PseudoConstantAnalysis() {
+ delete (VarDeclSet*)NonConstantsImpl;
+ delete (VarDeclSet*)UsedVarsImpl;
+}
+
+// Returns true if the given ValueDecl is never written to in the given DeclBody
+bool PseudoConstantAnalysis::isPseudoConstant(const VarDecl *VD) {
+ // Only local and static variables can be pseudoconstants
+ if (!VD->hasLocalStorage() && !VD->isStaticLocal())
+ return false;
+
+ if (!Analyzed) {
+ RunAnalysis();
+ Analyzed = true;
+ }
+
+ VarDeclSet *NonConstants = (VarDeclSet*)NonConstantsImpl;
+
+ return !NonConstants->count(VD);
+}
+
+// Returns true if the variable was used (self assignments don't count)
+bool PseudoConstantAnalysis::wasReferenced(const VarDecl *VD) {
+ if (!Analyzed) {
+ RunAnalysis();
+ Analyzed = true;
+ }
+
+ VarDeclSet *UsedVars = (VarDeclSet*)UsedVarsImpl;
+
+ return UsedVars->count(VD);
+}
+
+// Returns a Decl from a (Block)DeclRefExpr (if any)
+const Decl *PseudoConstantAnalysis::getDecl(const Expr *E) {
+ if (const DeclRefExpr *DR = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(E))
+ return DR->getDecl();
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void PseudoConstantAnalysis::RunAnalysis() {
+ std::deque<const Stmt *> WorkList;
+ VarDeclSet *NonConstants = (VarDeclSet*)NonConstantsImpl;
+ VarDeclSet *UsedVars = (VarDeclSet*)UsedVarsImpl;
+
+ // Start with the top level statement of the function
+ WorkList.push_back(DeclBody);
+
+ while (!WorkList.empty()) {
+ const Stmt *Head = WorkList.front();
+ WorkList.pop_front();
+
+ if (const Expr *Ex = dyn_cast<Expr>(Head))
+ Head = Ex->IgnoreParenCasts();
+
+ switch (Head->getStmtClass()) {
+ // Case 1: Assignment operators modifying VarDecls
+ case Stmt::BinaryOperatorClass: {
+ const BinaryOperator *BO = cast<BinaryOperator>(Head);
+ // Look for a Decl on the LHS
+ const Decl *LHSDecl = getDecl(BO->getLHS()->IgnoreParenCasts());
+ if (!LHSDecl)
+ break;
+
+ // We found a binary operator with a DeclRefExpr on the LHS. We now check
+ // for any of the assignment operators, implying that this Decl is being
+ // written to.
+ switch (BO->getOpcode()) {
+ // Self-assignments don't count as use of a variable
+ case BO_Assign: {
+ // Look for a DeclRef on the RHS
+ const Decl *RHSDecl = getDecl(BO->getRHS()->IgnoreParenCasts());
+
+ // If the Decls match, we have self-assignment
+ if (LHSDecl == RHSDecl)
+ // Do not visit the children
+ continue;
+
+ }
+ case BO_AddAssign:
+ case BO_SubAssign:
+ case BO_MulAssign:
+ case BO_DivAssign:
+ case BO_AndAssign:
+ case BO_OrAssign:
+ case BO_XorAssign:
+ case BO_ShlAssign:
+ case BO_ShrAssign: {
+ const VarDecl *VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(LHSDecl);
+ // The DeclRefExpr is being assigned to - mark it as non-constant
+ if (VD)
+ NonConstants->insert(VD);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // Case 2: Pre/post increment/decrement and address of
+ case Stmt::UnaryOperatorClass: {
+ const UnaryOperator *UO = cast<UnaryOperator>(Head);
+
+ // Look for a DeclRef in the subexpression
+ const Decl *D = getDecl(UO->getSubExpr()->IgnoreParenCasts());
+ if (!D)
+ break;
+
+ // We found a unary operator with a DeclRef as a subexpression. We now
+ // check for any of the increment/decrement operators, as well as
+ // addressOf.
+ switch (UO->getOpcode()) {
+ case UO_PostDec:
+ case UO_PostInc:
+ case UO_PreDec:
+ case UO_PreInc:
+ // The DeclRef is being changed - mark it as non-constant
+ case UO_AddrOf: {
+ // If we are taking the address of the DeclRefExpr, assume it is
+ // non-constant.
+ const VarDecl *VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(D);
+ if (VD)
+ NonConstants->insert(VD);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // Case 3: Reference Declarations
+ case Stmt::DeclStmtClass: {
+ const DeclStmt *DS = cast<DeclStmt>(Head);
+ // Iterate over each decl and see if any of them contain reference decls
+ for (DeclStmt::const_decl_iterator I = DS->decl_begin(),
+ E = DS->decl_end(); I != E; ++I) {
+ // We only care about VarDecls
+ const VarDecl *VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(*I);
+ if (!VD)
+ continue;
+
+ // We found a VarDecl; make sure it is a reference type
+ if (!VD->getType().getTypePtr()->isReferenceType())
+ continue;
+
+ // Try to find a Decl in the initializer
+ const Decl *D = getDecl(VD->getInit()->IgnoreParenCasts());
+ if (!D)
+ break;
+
+ // If the reference is to another var, add the var to the non-constant
+ // list
+ if (const VarDecl *RefVD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(D)) {
+ NonConstants->insert(RefVD);
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // Case 4: Variable references
+ case Stmt::DeclRefExprClass: {
+ const DeclRefExpr *DR = cast<DeclRefExpr>(Head);
+ if (const VarDecl *VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(DR->getDecl())) {
+ // Add the Decl to the used list
+ UsedVars->insert(VD);
+ continue;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // Case 5: Block expressions
+ case Stmt::BlockExprClass: {
+ const BlockExpr *B = cast<BlockExpr>(Head);
+ // Add the body of the block to the list
+ WorkList.push_back(B->getBody());
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ break;
+ } // switch (head->getStmtClass())
+
+ // Add all substatements to the worklist
+ for (Stmt::const_child_range I = Head->children(); I; ++I)
+ if (*I)
+ WorkList.push_back(*I);
+ } // while (!WorkList.empty())
+}